为了保持简洁,重复的任务可以用以下简写的方式:
- name: add several users
user: name=\{\{ item \}\} state=present groups=wheel
with_items:
- testuser1
- testuser2
如果你在变量文件中或者 ‘vars’ 区域定义了一组YAML列表,你也可以这样做:
vars:
somelist: ["testuser1", "testuser2"]
tasks:
-name: add several user
user: name=\{\{ item \}\} state=present groups=wheel
with_items: "\{\{somelist\}\}"
使用 ‘with_items’ 用于迭代的条目类型不仅仅支持简单的字符串列表.如果你有一个哈希列表,那么你可以用以下方式来引用子项:
- name: add several users
user: name=\{\{ item.name \}\} state=present groups=\{\{ item.groups \}\}
with_items:
- { name: 'testuser1', groups: 'wheel' }
- { name: 'testuser2', groups: 'root' }
注意：如果同时使用 when 和 with_items （或其它循环声明）,when声明会为每个条目单独执行.请参见 the_when_statement 示例.
循环也可以嵌套:
- name: give users access to multiple databases
mysql_user: name=\{\{ item[0] \}\} priv=\{\{ item[1] \}\}.*:ALL append_privs=yes password=foo
with_nested:
- [ 'alice', 'bob' ]
- [ 'clientdb', 'employeedb', 'providerd']
或者
- name: give users access to multiple databases
mysql_user: name=\{\{ item.0 \}\} priv=\{\{ item.1 \}\}.*:ALL append_privs=yes password=foo
with_nested:
- [ 'alice', 'bob' ]
- [ 'clientdb', 'employeedb', 'providerd']
---
vars:
users:
alice:
name: Alice Appleworth
telephone: 123-456-7890
bob:
name: Bob Bananarama
telephone: 987-654-3210
tasks:
- name: Print phone records
debug: msg="User \{\{ item.key \}\} is \{\{ item.value.name \}\} (\{\{ item.value.telephone \}\})"
with_dict: "\{\{users\}\}"
with_fileglob 可以以非递归的方式来模式匹配单个目录中的文件.如下面所示:
tasks:
# first ensure our target directory exists
- file: dest=/etc/fooapp state=directory
# copy each file over that matches the given pattern
- copy: src=\{\{ item \}\} dest=/etc/fooapp/ owner=root mode=600
with_fileglob:
- /playbooks/files/fooapp/*